Arthritis in dogs

Overview

Just like humans, older dogs can lose flexibility and experience pain in their joints. This condition, known as osteoarthritis, or degenerative joint disease, is caused by the degeneration of the cartilage between the bones that form the joint.

Symptoms

• Stiffness during movement
• Lameness
• Swelling
• Show signs of pain when touched or held in certain positions
• Show discomfort upon rising, especially first thing in the morning
• Difficulty getting up
• Swollen joints
• Decreased interest in play

Prevention

Arthritis can affect any dog, but it has been known to plague giant breeds of dogs, such as Mastiffs and Great Danes.  Labrador Retrievers and Golden Retrievers are also prone to developing arthritis.  Any injuries or sprains during a larger dog's growth period can cause the animal to develop arthritis later in life. If you own a larger breed dog, it's essential that you carefully monitor his food intake while his bones are still growing. Many dog food companies make puppy food that is specifically for large breed dogs.  These diets are intended to slow growth and decrease stress on the joints. 

Dogs that are overweight put extra stress on their joints.  This stress can make arthritis worse and may actually cause inflammation and arthritis in the joints.  If your dog needs to lose weight, consult your veterinarian about a safe weight loss plan and how to slowly introduce exercise into your dog's daily routine.

Treatment

Steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alleviate the pain, and there are other simple steps you can take to accommodate your arthritic pet's condition.  Never give steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the same time because of their side effects.  Soft bedding is a must to help your dog feel more comfortable. If possible, try to engage him in short, gentle play. If your animal isn't able to exercise routinely, Experts recommend massaging his muscles and joints while he's relaxing. Take care to be extra-gentle. To avoid neck and spine strain, put the dog's food and water dishes on a low table or crate, or in a raised feeder. You can also help your pet by grooming the areas of his body that may be hard for him to reach. Low impact exercise, like swimming, is good for the joints.  Supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin are often given on a daily basis because of their ability to improve cartilage health and improve the condition of the joints.

Arthritis isn't limited to older animals. It can occur as a result of a joint infection, dislocation or trauma. If you suspect your pet may be suffering from arthritis, your vet can take x-rays and perform lab tests to help determine its root cause. Treatment could involve antibiotics or painkillers. There also are a number of new products on the market that may ease your pet's discomfort. Many veterinarians prescribe a nutritional supplement that provides the raw materials that help animals replenish cartilage. Sometimes buffered aspirin can help a dog feel more comfortable, but check with your veterinarian for dosage and suitability first because aspirin is very hard on the gastrointestinal tract in dogs.

Finally, if your dog has arthritis, you should consult your vet who can help relieve the pain your pet is experiencing. With proper management, your dog can lead a happy and functional life.