Aging in dogs

Signs of aging

At what age does your animal companion enter his golden years? It all depends on size and species. Most dogs enter their golden years around 7 to 10 years, although large and giant breeds start a bit earlier, around 5-7 years of age.

Symptoms

Some signs are subtler than others. Symptoms include:

• Hearing loss
• Hair thinning or loss
• Graying hair, especially around the face
• Lethargy
• Trouble getting up, especially first thing in the morning
• Decreased interest in play
• Increased amount of time spent sleeping

Check-up checklist

It's smart medicine to bring your older pet to the vet at least once or twice a year. Many health issues may arise quickly as dogs age, including:

• Kidney and liver disease
• More frequent intestinal problems
• Prostate disease and testicular cancer (common in unneutered males)
• Breast cancer and infected uterus (common in unspayed females)
• Severe dental problems (don't let bad breath go unchecked!)
• Obesity
• Arthritis
• Diabetes
• Constipation
• Cancer

You'll need to be alert for symptoms such as lumps and bumps anywhere on the body, shortness of breath, coughing, and any change in appetite, weight and water intake, or changes in you pet's daily routines and habits. Note behavioral changes, too, such as increased vocalization and uncharacteristic aggression, which could indicate that something's amiss physically. If you think your pet may be sick, don't hesitate to call the vet. When an older companion animal develops a medical problem, it's more likely to be serious.

Feeding your older pet: How and what

Many of the metabolic, immunologic and body composition changes that your pet will go through, some of which are discussed above, are unavoidable. Some, however, can be managed with diet. Experts recommend that you start small-to medium-sized dogs on a senior diet at seven years of age; for large and giant breeds, start at six and seven years, respectively.

Companion canines have been shown to put on body fat in spite of consuming fewer calories, so it's important to offer a food that's lower in calories. Many senior formulas not only have reduced calories, but severely reduced levels of protein, too. Read labels and take care to avoid these foods, as your pet will still need protein to maintain muscle mass. However, diets with too much protein may be bad for your aging pet's kidneys.  Ask your vet for a recommendation.

If you do need to modify your pet's diet, do so carefully and gradually. A finicky dog who doesn't appreciate the change in routine may refuse to eat.  Try introducing the new food over a two-week period by mixing it in with the old food. Gradually increase the amount of new food as you decrease the old.

Vitamins and supplements for golden oldies only

Our animal friends can become less flexible as they age. Years of wear and tear on bones and joints can break down cartilage, possibly leading to arthritis. If your pet seems to be suffering, glucosamine and chondroitin supplements can help.

Aging can take a toll on your canine senior citizen's intestinal bacteria, resulting in GI upsets. Fructooligosaccharides and gamma-linolenic acid supplements can promote the growth of friendly flora and help maintain skin and coat.

TLC 101

You may also notice that your older pet is more sensitive to temperature changes and extremes, so keep him warm in the winter and cool in the summer. An extra blanket or fluffy pillow can go a long way to make your dog more comfortable. Be especially gentle when brushing your pet, too. 

Same old, same old

Your senior friend relies on his daily routine, and will appreciate your efforts to keep it consistent. Try to avoid stressful situations and abrupt changes in your dog's regular routine and environment. Keep your home obstacle-free, and stick to your walking and feeding schedules.

With plenty of tender loving care and an eye to the future, you can help your companion grow old gracefully. You and your family can make these the best years of your friend's life - he's worth it, after all!