Raising fish in ponds

If you've got a sense of adventure--and enough room--you may enjoy the challenge of setting up an outdoor fish pond. If properly cared for, coldwater species such as goldfish and koi will thrive in these larger, more natural living quarters. Whether your pets will live this good life during the summer months or, if climate permits, all year round, you'll be expanding your knowledge as a fish caretaker and beautifying your backyard.

Fish pond heaters may not be necessary for year-round ponds

The size of your pond will be dictated by how much room you have and the type and number of species you wish to keep. Fish can grow very large in a pond, so your pets' outdoor home should be at least four yards long; this size can accommodate six common goldfish. Koi who live outside year round will need a pond at least 4 1/2 feet deep; goldfish can make do with two feet. There are many types of ponds to choose from--including plastic, concrete and wooden with a plastic liner. Ask at your gardening or home equipment store what will work best for you.

Building your pond in the proper location is of utmost importance in maintaining the health of your fish. Select an area away from overhanging trees, as leaves and other debris can poison the water. The spot should also receive both sun and shade for part of the day.

Plants are an absolute must for your outdoor pond. Not only do they look great, they'll help reduce the growth of algae and provide shade and oxygen for your fish. Put in some rocks for additional shelter and hiding places, and be sure to line the bottom of the pond with gravel. If you are keeping koi, Experts recommend a filtration system for the pond.

It's crucial that you wait until the plants have established themselves and the water has properly aged before adding the fish. Check with your aquarium store for advice on achieving and maintaining the proper water quality for your pond; you may need to add a conditioner.

Pond fish food

You can purchase fish specifically for your pond, or transfer larger fish from your indoor aquarium; ask your aquarist about appropriate coldwater species. When introducing them into the pond, you will need to float them in a container, such as a plastic bag, until the temperature of the water in the bag is equal to that of the pond. Feed your pets a floating food that is specifically formulated for fish who live in ponds. To avoid increased toxins in the water, use a net to remove any food that remains uneaten.

It is highly recommended that you regularly change a percentage of the water in your pond. Check with your aquarium shop about the frequency recommended for your particular set-up. To learn more about the importance of water changes see our article here.